The fluid from the follicles — that contains the egg — is suctioned by the IVF physician through small tubing and into a test tube. The test tube is then handed to an embryologist who uses a microscope to find the egg in each test tube of follicular fluid. All the details of the eggs are carefully recorded. Once eggs reach the lab, experts examine them to determine maturity and quality.
Mature eggs are transferred into a special culture medium, placed in an incubator and within a few hours of egg retrieval are fertilized with sperm. There are two ways to fertilize an egg: conventional insemination or intra-cytoplasmic injection ICSI. Which process is used will be determined by your IVF team physicians and embryologists and depends on multiple factors related to the couple going through IVF.
Both methods have approximately the same success rate. For the conventional method, sperm is placed in the culture medium in a small petri dish containing an egg; the sperm and eggs are incubated together in the dish in the lab, allowing the sperm to enter the egg on its own. For ICSI, one sperm is injected into the cytoplasm of the egg using a needle and a sophisticated operative microscope. No matter which process is used, fertilization is checked the next morning.
Low sperm count is a common type of male factor infertility. Read to learn more about causes and prevention of low sperm count. Read on to learn more about how surrogacy can benefit straight and same-sex families. More and more, younger women are asking about freezing eggs to prolong fertility over time. Could freezing your eggs be the right family planning option for you? If your family wants to get pregnant, but is struggling with infertility, you should know about the different types of artificial insemination that are available to you.
Read to learn what you need to know about artificial insemination. Do you find our website to be helpful? Yes No. You Might Also Enjoy Before beginning a cycle of IVF using your own eggs and sperm, you and your partner will likely need various screenings, including:.
Before beginning a cycle of IVF , consider important questions, including:. How many embryos will be transferred? The number of embryos transferred is typically based on age and number of eggs retrieved. Since the rate of implantation is lower for older women, more embryos are usually transferred — except for women using donor eggs or genetically tested embryos.
Most doctors follow specific guidelines to prevent a higher order multiple pregnancy, such as triplets or more. In some countries, legislation limits the number of embryos that can be transferred. Make sure you and your doctor agree on the number of embryos that will be transferred before the transfer procedure. What will you do with any extra embryos? Extra embryos can be frozen and stored for future use for several years. Not all embryos will survive the freezing and thawing process, although most will.
Having frozen embryos can make future cycles of IVF less expensive and less invasive. Or, you might be able to donate unused frozen embryos to another couple or a research facility. You might also choose to discard unused embryos. IVF involves several steps — ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, sperm retrieval, fertilization and embryo transfer. One cycle of IVF can take about two to three weeks. More than one cycle may be needed.
The start of an IVF cycle begins by using synthetic hormones to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs — rather than the single egg that typically develops each month.
Multiple eggs are needed because some eggs won't fertilize or develop normally after fertilization. Typically, you'll need one to two weeks of ovarian stimulation before your eggs are ready for retrieval. To determine when the eggs are ready for collection, you may have:. Sometimes IVF cycles need to be canceled before egg retrieval for one of these reasons:. If your cycle is canceled, your doctor might recommend changing medications or their doses to promote a better response during future IVF cycles.
Or you may be advised that you need an egg donor. Egg retrieval can be done in your doctor's office or a clinic 34 to 36 hours after the final injection and before ovulation. If you're using your partner's sperm, a semen sample needs to be provided at your doctor's office or clinic the morning of egg retrieval.
Typically, the semen sample is collected through masturbation. Other methods, such as testicular aspiration — the use of a needle or surgical procedure to extract sperm directly from the testicle — are sometimes required.
Donor sperm also can be used. Sperm are separated from the semen fluid in the lab. Typically, transvaginal ultrasound aspiration is used to retrieve eggs. During this procedure, an ultrasound probe is inserted into your vagina to identify follicles, and a needle is guided through the vagina and into the follicles. The eggs are removed from the follicles through the needle, which is connected to a suction device.
In intracytoplasmic sperm injection ICSI , a single healthy sperm is injected directly into each mature egg. While rare, the hormonal injection may also lead to ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome OHSS. This causes ovaries to swell, leading to abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, weight gain, and other unpleasant symptoms. According to Mayo Clinic , about 1 to 2 percent of women with OHSS develop severe complications like blood clots, kidney failure, ruptured ovarian cysts, and death. Watch out for these symptoms during and after your use of the injections.
Egg retrieval involves a surgical procedure with a mild sedative called twilight anesthesia given through an IV. The woman wakes up about 30 minutes later, recovers for one-two hours at the healthcare center, then heads home to rest. Roth says most patients can return to work the next day, although they may experience minor side effects. There are no scars or stitches required for the surgery.
After egg retrieval, the most common side effects are constipation, bloating, cramping, spotting, and pain.
Some patients also have a negative reaction to the anesthesia, which comes with symptoms like fatigue, nausea, and vomiting.
And although rare, you could experience bleeding, infection, and damage to the surrounding organs. Call the doctor if you experience vomiting, intense pain, or severe bloating following egg retreival. Claire Wasserman, founder and director of programming at Ladies Get Paid , retrieved her eggs through Extend Fertility. She first attended a workshop about the process, which included training on how to inject her two fertility medications.
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